Intangiriro yo gukuza ibirahuri, gukuza

Niba ufite amatsiko kubyo aikirahureni, nyamuneka soma ibi bikurikira:

Ikirahure kininini igikoresho cyoroshye cyo kubona ibikoresho bikoreshwa mukureba ibintu bito byikintu.Ninzira ihuza hamwe nuburebure bwibanze buto cyane kuruta intera yijisho.Ingano yikintu cyashushanijwe kuri retina yumuntu iringaniza nu mfuruka yikintu ku jisho (kureba inguni).

Intangiriro muri make:
Ninini inguni yo kureba, nini nini ishusho, kandi irashobora gutandukanya amakuru yikintu.Kwimukira hafi yikintu birashobora kongera inguni yo kureba, ariko bigarukira kubushobozi bwo kwibanda kumaso.Koresha aikirahuregukora hafi yijisho, hanyuma ugashyira ikintu mubitekerezo byacyo kugirango ugire ishusho igororotse.Ikirahure kinini gikoreshwa mugukuza impande zose.Mu mateka, bivugwa ko gukoresha ikirahure kinini byasabwe na grosstest, umwepiskopi w’Ubwongereza mu kinyejana cya 13.

Nko mu myaka igihumbi ishize, abantu bafite ubutaka bubonerana bwa kirisiti cyangwa amabuye y'agaciro abonerana "lens“, Irashobora gukuza amashusho.Bizwi kandi nka lens ya convex.

Ihame:
Kugirango ubone ikintu gito cyangwa ibisobanuro birambuye byikintu, birakenewe kwimura ikintu hafi yijisho, gishobora kongera inguni yo kureba no gukora ishusho nini nyayo kuri retina.Ariko iyo ikintu cyegereye ijisho, ntigishobora kubona neza.Muyandi magambo, kugirango ube indorerezi, ntugomba gukora gusa ikintu gifite inguni nini ihagije ijisho, ahubwo ugomba no gufata intera ikwiye.Biragaragara, kumaso, ibi bisabwa byombi bigabanya undi.Niba lens ya convex igizwe imbere y'amaso, iki kibazo kirashobora gukemuka.Lens ya convex nicyo kirahure cyoroshye cyane.Nibikoresho byoroshye bya optique bifasha ijisho kwitegereza ibintu bito cyangwa ibisobanuro.Gufata lens ya convex nkurugero, imbaraga zayo zo kongera imbaraga zirabaze.Shira ikintu PQ hagati yibintu byibanda kumurongo L na lens hanyuma ukore hafi yibitekerezo, kugirango ikintu gikore ishusho nini ya p ′ Q 'unyuze mumurongo.Niba ishusho ya kwaduka yiburebure bwa lens ya convex ni 10cm, imbaraga zo gukuza ikirahure kinini gikozwe mumurongo ninshuro 2,5, cyanditswe nka 2.5 ×.Niba dusuzumye gusa imbaraga zo gukuza, uburebure bwibanze bugomba kuba bugufi, kandi bisa nkaho imbaraga zose zo gukuza zishobora kuboneka.Ariko, kuberako habaho aberration, imbaraga zo kongera imbaraga muri rusange zigera kuri 3 ×。 Niba ari compoundikirahure(nka eyepiece) irakoreshwa, aberration irashobora kugabanuka kandi gukura bishobora kugera kuri 20 ×.

Uburyo bukoreshwa:
Uburyo bwo kwitegereza 1: reka reka ikirahure kinini cyegereye ikintu cyarebwaga, ikintu cyarebaga ntigenda, kandi intera iri hagati yijisho ryumuntu nikintu cyarebaga ntigihinduka, hanyuma wimure intoki ifata intoki ikirahure imbere n'inyuma hagati ya ikintu nijisho ryumuntu kugeza ishusho nini kandi isobanutse.

Uburyo bwo kwitegereza 2: ikirahure kinini kigomba kuba hafi y'amaso uko bishoboka.Komeza ikirahure kinini kandi wimure ikintu kugeza ishusho nini kandi isobanutse.

Intego nyamukuru:
Ikoreshwa mukwitegereza impapuro no gucapura inoti, amatike, kashe, ibiceri namakarita mubukungu, imisoro, mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki.Irashobora kumenya neza kandi byihuse inoti zimpimbano zifite ibyemezo bihanitse.Niba itara ryijimye ritagaragara neza, koresha igikoresho.

Irashobora kumenyekana neza.Amafaranga nyayo afite imirongo isobanutse n'imirongo ihuje munsi ya microscope.Ibishushanyo by'inoti mpimbano bigizwe ahanini nududomo, imirongo idahagarara, ibara ryoroheje, fuzzy kandi nta byiyumvo-bitatu.

Ikoreshwa mu nganda zimitako, irashobora kwitegereza imiterere yimbere yamabuye y'agaciro, gutondekanya ibice bya molekile, no gusesengura no kumenya amabuye y'agaciro hamwe n’ibisigisigi by’umuco.

Mu nganda zo gucapa, irashobora gukoreshwa mubisahani byiza, gukosora amabara, akadomo no kwaguka kwagutse, kandi irashobora gupima neza umubare wa mesh, ingano y'akadomo, ikosa rirenga, nibindi.

Ikoreshwa mu nganda z’imyenda, irashobora kwitegereza no gusesengura fibre yimyenda hamwe nintambara.

Ikoreshwa mubikorwa bya elegitoronike kugirango yitegereze imirongo igenda neza hamwe nubuziranenge bwumuzingo wacapwe wumuringa platine.

Ikoreshwa mukwitegereza no gukora ubushakashatsi kuri bagiteri nudukoko mubuhinzi, amashyamba, ingano nandi mashami.

Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubigereranyo by'inyamaswa n'ibimera, kumenya no gusesengura ibimenyetso n'inzego zishinzwe umutekano rusange, ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, nibindi.

Urakoze gusoma.Niba ukeneye ubufasha bwinshi, nyamuneka twandikire.Murakoze.